Threonine

Description

    Threonine was isolated and identified from fibrin hydrolysate by W.C.Rose in 1935. In 1936, Meger studied its spatial structure and named it threonine because of its similarity to threose. Threonine has four isomers. L-threonine is naturally present and has physiological effects on the body.

    Threonine is an essential amino acid that helps the body maintain protein balance and promotes the production of antibodies to strengthen the immune system. It plays a role in the formation of collagen and elastin and prevents the accumulation of fat in the liver. Threonine is an important nutritional enhancer that can be used to strengthen cereals, pastries, and dairy products. Like tryptophan, it can relieve human fatigue and promote growth and development.

Metabolic pathway
    The metabolic pathway of threonine in the body is different from that of other amino acids. It is the only amino acid that is converted into other substances by threonine dehydratase (TDH) and threonine dehydratase (TDG) and aldolase without dehydrogenase and transamination. The main pathways are: metabolism to glycine and acetaldehyde through aldolase; metabolism to aminopropionic acid, glycine, acetyl COA through TDG; metabolism to propionic acid and α-aminobutyric acid through TDH.

        A recombinant microorganism for producing threonine and its application manufacturing method

Uses
    Threonine is an important nutritional enhancer that can strengthen cereals, cakes, and dairy products. Like tryptophan, it has the effect of relieving human fatigue and promoting growth and development. In medicine, because threonine contains hydroxyl groups in its structure, it has a water-retaining effect on human skin. It combines with oligosaccharide chains and plays an important role in protecting cell membranes. It can promote phospholipid synthesis and fatty acid oxidation in the body. Its preparation has the medicinal effect of promoting human development and anti-fatty liver, and is a component of compound amino acid infusion. At the same time, threonine is also the raw material for making a class of highly effective and hypoallergenic antibiotics-monoamide.
Main food sources

    fermented foods (cereal products), eggs, chrysanthemum, milk, peanuts, rice, carrots, leafy vegetables, papaya, alfalfa, etc.
    Threonine is used in medicine, chemical reagents, food fortifiers, feed additives, etc. In particular, the amount of feed additives has increased rapidly. It is often added to the feed of underage piglets and poultry. It is the second limiting amino acid in pig feed and the third limiting amino acid in poultry feed.
    With the improvement of people's living standards and the development of the breeding industry, threonine, as an amino acid for feed, is widely used to add piglet feed, breeding pig feed, broiler feed, shrimp feed and eel feed. It has the following characteristics:
(1) It can adjust the amino acid balance in feed and promote growth;
(2) It can improve meat quality;
(3) It can improve the nutritional value of feed raw materials with low amino acid digestibility;
(4) It can produce low-protein feed, which helps to save protein resources;
(5) It can reduce the cost of feed raw materials;
(6) It can reduce the nitrogen content in livestock and poultry feces and urine, and the ammonia concentration and release rate in livestock and poultry houses.
Necessity of application in feed
    At present, domestic feed resources are relatively scarce, especially the shortage of protein feed such as soybean meal and fish meal, which seriously restricts the development of animal husbandry. Threonine is usually the second or third limiting amino acid in pig feed and the third or fourth limiting amino acid in poultry feed. With the widespread application of lysine and methionine synthetic products in compound feed, it has gradually become the main limiting factor affecting livestock and poultry production performance, especially after adding lysine to low-protein diets, threonine becomes the first limiting amino acid for growing pigs.
If threonine is not used in the feed, the regulation of threonine in the feed can only rely on protein raw materials, and protein raw materials contain not only threonine, but also other essential and non-essential amino acids. The result of using protein raw materials instead of threonine to adjust the amino acid balance is that the amino acid balance of the feed cannot be improved as much as possible, the waste of a large number of essential amino acids cannot be further reduced, and the formula cost of the feed cannot be further reduced. It can be said that threonine is a threshold that must be crossed to improve the amino acid balance, and it is a bottleneck problem that all formulators cannot avoid.
    The use of threonine can reduce the waste of essential and non-essential amino acids, or it can reduce the crude protein level of the feed. Its reason is the same as the use of lysine hydrochloride. The crude protein level of the feed can be reasonably reduced by using crystalline amino acids, and the production performance of animals will not be damaged, but may be improved.
Additive dosage in feed
    The amount of threonine required should be determined according to the amount of lysine required. In production practice, when the needs of lysine and methionine are met, the diet should be formulated according to the ileal digestible threonine and its appropriate ratio with lysine to achieve the purpose of improving the quality of compound feed and animal production level. The following is our recommended amount of threonine.

Delivery & Packaging
We usual packaging with foil bag powder 1kg/bag, export drum 25kg/drum.
Also accept customization service according your inquire.
As delivery,we can delivery product by courier,by sea, by air, ect.
The more details please check follow picture for reference:

If you have any question or inquire of Threonine, please contact our mail:info@haozbio.com

Hot Tags: threonine, suppliers, manufacturers, customized, wholesale, buy, bulk, high quality, low price, OEM service, Carnosine Powder, Organic Black Maca Root Powder, Antimicrobial, Creatine Monohydrate Powder, HGH Powder, Mestanolone Powder